Avicenna

Known as the &quote;prince of physicians,&quote; Avicenna made enormous contributions to the fields of medicine, natural history, metaphysics, and religion. His use of Aristotelian logic and his work on the concept of &quote;being&quote; opened the door for a rationalist study of religion, influencing the later Christian philosophers Aquinas, Descartes, and Kant. Avicenna's monumental Canon of Medicine is regarded as possibly the greatest medical work ever. Available in a Latin translation in Europe one hundred years after his death, it continued to be used there for the next six centuries.